In a groundbreaking exploration of the relationship between artificial intelligence and human intelligence, the Dicasteries for the Doctrine of the Faith and for Culture and Education have shed light on the immense potential and daunting challenges that AI presents in various aspects of society. From education to the economy, labor, health, human relations, international affairs, and even the realm of warfare, artificial intelligence is reshaping the world as we know it.
By Salvatore Cernuzio
The recent warnings from the Pope regarding Artificial Intelligence have paved the way for the release of “Antiqua et Nova,” a thought-provoking document that delves into the intricate dynamics between artificial intelligence and human intelligence. The collaborative effort between the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith and the Dicastery for Culture and Education aims to spark a dialogue among those entrusted with imparting faith and those advocating for the ethical use of scientific advancements for the betterment of humanity.
Comprising of 117 paragraphs, “Antiqua et Nova” navigates through the challenges and prospects that AI presents in education, economy, work, health, relationships, and warfare. The document raises concerns about the potential of AI to escalate warfare beyond human control, triggering a dangerous arms race with dire consequences for human rights.
Dangers and Progress
The document not only highlights the risks but also acknowledges the advancements linked with AI, positioning it as a collaborative effort between humanity and divinity. However, it does not shy away from the uncertainties that accompany all innovations, whose repercussions remain unpredictable.
Distinguishing between AI and Human Intelligence
Significant portions of the Note are devoted to differentiating between AI and human intelligence. Drawing from Pope Francis’ insights, the document emphasizes that AI should not be misconstrued as an artificial form of human intelligence but rather as a product of it. It underscores the need for AI to be directed towards positive outcomes, cautioning against its potential to exacerbate discrimination, poverty, and social disparities.
War
In the context of warfare, “Antiqua et Nova” raises alarms about autonomous and lethal weapons systems capable of autonomous decision-making, posing grave ethical concerns. The Pope has called for a ban on such weapons, recognizing their existential threat to humanity.
The Urgent Need for Attention to the Dangers of Artificial Intelligence
“This danger demands serious attention,” the document emphasizes, highlighting the longstanding concern about technologies that give war the power to cause immense destruction to innocent civilians, including children.
Impact on Human Relations
The document highlights the potential for AI to lead to harmful isolation, pose challenges for children’s growth, and ethically warns against anthropomorphizing AI for deceptive purposes, especially in educational and interpersonal contexts.
Economic and Labor Implications
In the economic-financial sector, caution is advised as AI technologies may paradoxically deskill workers, subjecting them to automated surveillance and monotonous tasks, despite promises of increased productivity.
Healthcare Concerns
The Note stresses the importance of maintaining the doctor-patient relationship in healthcare, as the overreliance on AI may exacerbate feelings of loneliness in patients and widen disparities in access to medical care.
Challenges in Education
AI offers both opportunities and challenges in education, with a need for critical oversight to prevent the propagation of biased or fabricated information, and to promote the development of critical thinking skills among students.
Combatting Fake News and Deepfakes
The document underscores the dangers of AI-generated fake news and manipulated content, emphasizing the responsibility to verify the truthfulness of information before dissemination to prevent harm and misinformation.
Privacy and Control Issues
Concerns are raised regarding the invasion of privacy and control through digital surveillance, urging vigilance in protecting individuals’ interiority and avoiding the exploitation of believers’ faith through AI tools.
Sustainability and Environmental Impact
While AI holds promise for enhancing environmental care, its current energy consumption and contribution to CO2 emissions warrant attention to prevent further strain on resources and exacerbation of climate change.
Humanity’s Relationship with AI
Ultimately, the document cautions against human enslavement to AI technologies and advocates for their use as tools to complement human intelligence, rather than replace the profound richness of human experience.
